Christina Potenza, Author at Genemarkers

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So far Christina Potenza has created 11 blog entries.

Genemarkers’ PGx Study Library

Enjoy this collection of primary sources on pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing and its clinical applications.

Tags	Key Statistics	Title	Author(s)	Publication Year	Link to Full PDF
Cost Savings Patient Safety	PGx-guided treatment was demonstrated to have 50% less hospital admissions, reduced emergency visits, and almost 13% less adverse drug reactions (ADRs) compared to the non-PGx approach. The mean total cost of PGx-guided treatment was 50% less expensive than conventional therapy with clopidogrel.	Economic evaluation of pharmacogenomic-guided antiplatelet treatment in Spanish patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome participating in the U-PGx PREPARE study	Koufaki et al.	2023	Koufaki et al. 2023
Clinical Improvement Patient Safety	Patients with personalized drug treatment based on PGx testing had 30% lower occurrence of ADRs.	Patients with personalized drug treatment based on PGXA 12-gene pharmacogenetic panel to prevent adverse drug reactions: an open-label, multicentre, controlled, cluster-randomised crossover implementation study	Swen et al.	2023	Swen et al. 2023
Clinical Improvement Pain	600 patients treated with cannabis were genotyped. Genes ABCB1, TRPV1, and UGT2B7 were associated with decline in pain after treatment; patients having a favorable combination of all 3 genes showed the greatest reduction (i.e. the effect was polygenic).	The pharmacogenetics of cannabis in the treatment of chronic pain	Poli P et al.	2022	Poli et al. 2022
Clinical Improvement Clinical Relevance	25% of prescribed medications do not result in the desired therapeutic outcome. An estimated 88-99% of people have clinical actionable genetic variants. 71% of those who had PGx testing received at least 1 recommendation for current medications. Of the 165 medications with PGx guidance, 103 (62.4%) had no recommended changes based on individuals’ PGx test results and 62 (37.6%) had possible changes to optimize therapy.	Analysis of a panel-based pharmacogenomics testing program among members of a commercial and Medicare client of a pharmacy benefits manager	Steinbach et al.	2022	Steinbach et al. 2022
Clinical Relevance Pain	50% of chronic pain patients were prescribed a medication metabolized by CYP2C19	Determining the potential clinical value of panel-based pharmacogenetic testing in patients with chronic pain or gastroesophageal reflux disease	Elchynski et al.	2021	Elchynski et al. 2021
Clinical Relevance Oncology	Over 25% of new drug approvals between 2000 and 2020 have had PGx biomarker information in initially approved drug labels. Almost 50% of all new FDA-approved drugs with PGx labeling were oncology medications.	Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers in US FDA-Approved Drug Labels (2000-2020).	Kim, Ceccarelli, and Lu	2021	Kim, Ceccarelli, and Lu 2021
Clinical Improvement Pain	PGx guided treatment shortened hospital stays by 2 days for patients with CYP2D6 reduced function.	Subanalysis of the CYP-GUIDES Trial: CYP2D6 Functional Stratification and Operational Timeline Selection	Ruano et al.	2021	Ruano et al. 2021
Clinical Relevance Clinical Improvement Pain	Approximately 35% of all opioid prescriptions originate from surgeons. A CYP2D6-guided treatment group had about 13% lower opioid consumption two weeks post-surgery than the usual care group	A hybrid implementation-effectiveness randomized trial of CYP2D6-guided postoperative pain management	Thomas et al.	2021	Thomas et al. 2021
Clinical Improvement Clinical Relevance Cost Savings	The US Food and Drug Administration has approved 385 drugs with genomic biomarker information in their labeling to assist in PGx-guided therapy. Reactive PGx panel testing compared with usual care yields an ICER 1.7 times greater than preemptive PGx panel test. PGx testing should be done earlier to be more cost-effective.	A model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of pharmacogenomic panel testing in cardiovascular disease management: preemptive, reactive, or none?	Zhu and Moriarty et al.	2021	Zhu and Moriarty et al. 2021
Clinical Improvement Patient Safety	Patients who take genomically-congruent medications have increased medication adherence.	Pharmacogenomic-based decision support to predict adherence to medications	Christian et al.	2020	Christian et al. 2020
Cost Savings	Genotype guided escalation (switching to prasugrel or ticagerlor for LOF alleles) was cost-effective at $42,365 per quality-adjusted life year when compared to universal clopidogrel or universal ticagrelor.	Cost-effectiveness of CYP2C19-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention informed by real-world data	Limdi et al.	2020	Limdi et al. 2020
Cost-savings	Over 15 months, multigene testing was least costly and yielded more quality-adjusted life years compared to both single gene testing and no testing. PGx testing for clopidogrel and tramadol (CYP2C19 & CYP2D6) in PCI patients saved $11,368 compared to no testing.	Projected cost-effectiveness for 2 gene-drug pairs using a multigene panel for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention	Hart et al.	2019	Hart et al. 2019
Clinical Relevance Patient Safety	Risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) was significantly higher in patients with a loss-of-function allele prescribed clopidogrel versus alternative therapy [23.4 vs. 8.7 per 100 patient-years; adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 2.26].	Multi-site investigation of outcomes with implementation of CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention	Cavallari et al.	2018	Cavallari et al. 2018
Clinical Improvement Patient Safety	PGx testing led to 40% fewer emergency department visits and 58% fewer hospitalizations.	Pharmacogenetic testing among patients with mood and anxiety disorders is associated with decreased utilization and cost: A propensity-score matched study	Perlis et al.	2018	Perlis et al. 2018
Clinical Improvement Patient Safety	PGX testing reduced re-hospitalizations 60 days after discharge when compared to the untested group (relative risk 0.48).	Clinical impact of pharmacogenetic profiling with a clinical decision support tool in polypharmacy home health patients: A prospective pilot randomized controlled trial	Elliott et al.	2017	Elliott et al. 2017
Cost Savings	Economic modeling showed a savings of $43,165 per life year and $53,680 per quality-adjusted life year.	Cost-effectiveness of one-time genetic testing to minimize lifetime adverse drug reactions	Alagoz et al.	2016	Alagoz et al. 2016
Clinical Relevance Patient Safety Cost Savings	Hospitalization rate was 9.8% in the tested group vs. 16.1% in the untested group. Emergency department visit rate was 4.4% in the tested group vs. 15.4% in the untested group. Potential cost savings estimated at $218 (mean) in the tested group. Provider majority (95%) considered PGx testing helpful. 46% of providers followed recommendations.	The effect of pharmacogenetic profiling with a clinical decision support tool on healthcare resource utilization and estimated costs in the elderly exposed to polypharmacy	Brixner et al.	2015	Brixner et al. 2015

Genemarkers’ PGx Study LibraryChristina Potenza2024-01-03T14:15:28+00:00

Ex Vivo Tissue Models for Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis

Genemarkers has developed ex vivo tissue models that mimic key components of atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis to facilitate research of topical compounds for preclinical and clinical drug development. Our scientific team has verified the expression of over 30 AD-specific and 400 psoriasis-specific gene expression biomarkers in the tissue models.

Our stimulated ex vivo tissue models are ideal for performing studies investigating the efficacy of therapeutic compounds. Study endpoints may include: RNA sequencing to assess global changes in gene expression, targeted qPCR, ELISA methods for protein expression analysis, and immunohistochemistry.

Key Features:

Biomarkers are supported by peer-reviewed, published literature
Flexible study design options & reproducible results
Ideal for screening compounds and determining efficacy

Ex Vivo Tissue Models for Atopic Dermatitis and PsoriasisChristina Potenza2023-10-17T18:47:52+00:00

Genemarkers’ President & CEO Dr. Anna Langerveld Talks Compliance in Independent Laboratories

Genemarkers’ Dr. Anna Langerveld joined BerryDunn’s Robyn Hoffmann and Regina Alexander on the Healthcare Compliance Insights Podcast. During the episode, they discuss revenue integrity and how to foster a culture of compliance in independent laboratories.

“Compliance is embedded in the culture and mission of Genemarkers. Our entire value proposition is based on quality, integrity, and compassion. Compliance is a big component of quality and integrity,” says Dr. Langerveld.

To learn how Genemarkers creates a culture of compliance, listen to the episode, Compliance and Revenue Integrity for Independent Laboratories.

Genemarkers’ President & CEO Dr. Anna Langerveld Talks Compliance in Independent LaboratoriesChristina Potenza2023-10-04T16:15:19+00:00

CPESN Networks Announces Expansion of their Relationship with Genemarkers, LLC

CPESN® USA announces the expansion of their strategic relationship with Genemarkers, LLC, a pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing laboratory in Michigan. Through this national program, CPESN pharmacies identify patients that would benefit from PGx testing, collect patient DNA samples via a buccal swab, and review the results with their patient and the healthcare provider. This personalized medicine tool determines if a medication will be safe and efficacious. PGx testing has been proven to reduce adverse drug events and improve health outcomes.

“We are excited to be moving forward with the team from Genemarkers,” said Alison Haas, Pharm.D., Director of Value-Based Programs with CPESN USA. “They have been working collaboratively with our pharmacies in their home state of Michigan for the past year. Now, we are launching a similar program across the rest of our local networks.”

CPESN USA is a clinically integrated, nationwide organization of over 8,500 pharmacist providers working in over 3,500 local, community pharmacies. CPESN pharmacies reach 84% of America through hand delivery to the doorstep of patient’s homes.

Genemarkers’ PGx tests include only drug-gene pairs with the highest levels of clinical validity and utility. Genemarkers’ PGx tests include drug-gene pairs that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) have recognized as having scientific evidence to support clinical use. Genemarkers currently offers three multigene PGx panels and two single-gene tests.

“We feel that pharmacogenomics testing has the ability to help a lot of patients in terms of optimizing medication use and ultimately improving health outcomes,” said Dr. Anna Langerveld, Founder and CEO of Genemarkers. “We have always felt that local, clinical pharmacists were ideally suited to play a significant role in this initiative, and we are excited to collaborate with CPESN pharmacies across the country.”

“I’m pleased Genemarkers has given local, community pharmacies the opportunity to get into the pharmacogenomics game,” said Troy Trygstad, Pharm.D., MBA, Ph.D., Executive Director with CPESN USA. “Pharmacists have been sitting it out for far too long.”

About CPESN® USA

CPESN USA a clinically integrated, nationwide organization of pharmacy networks structured to advance community-based pharmacy practice. They empower community-based pharmacies that are deeply rooted within their community by fostering their ability to provide high quality, patient-centered enhanced services. CPESN pharmacies integrate with other healthcare providers on the patient’s care team to coordinate medical treatment. The results are better medication adherence, higher patient satisfaction, and lower healthcare costs. You can find CPESN Networks of pharmacy providers in 43 states across America.

To learn more, please visit http://www.CPESN.com.

About Genemarkers, LLC

Genemarkers is a CAP-accredited, CLIA-certified, CLEP-approved genomics laboratory based in Kalamazoo that partners with healthcare providers and organizations to offer comprehensive, quality-driven pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing services. Genemarkers offers three multigene PGx panels and two single-gene tests that contain clinical guidance based on the highest level of evidence, as determined by the Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) and the FDA.

For more information, visit http://www.genemarkersllc.com.

CPESN Networks Announces Expansion of their Relationship with Genemarkers, LLCChristina Potenza2023-08-24T16:07:49+00:00

Thermo Fisher Scientific Interviews Genemarkers

Genemakers’ Clinical Testing Specialist, Stephanie Wheeler, was interviewed by Thermo Fisher Scientific to discuss pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing, its benefits, and how to implement a PGx testing program.

Using Thermo Fisher Scientific’s state-of-the-art real-time qPCR technologies, Genemarkers offers high-quality PGx testing services rooted in clinical validity/utility.

“From the beginning, we have performed our PGx testing using qPCR due to the flexibility and efficient workflow for processing the samples. The format allows us to customize the genes and variants that we analyze and test multiple samples at the same time,” says Wheeler.

Our tests follow guidelines set by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC), and other regulatory bodies that determine clinical utility and validity based on scientific evidence. Currently, Genemarkers offers three multigene PGx panels and two single gene tests to meet the diverse needs of our clients.

Thermo Fisher Scientific Interviews GenemarkersChristina Potenza2023-08-11T20:20:27+00:00

Promote Medication Safety and Reduce the Risk of Adverse Drug Events with Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Testing

Adverse drug events (ADEs) are the 4th leading cause of death in the United States, leading to 1.3 million emergency department visits and 350,000 hospitalizations annually.¹ Each year, 4.5 million ADEs occur in the US, resulting in $2.5 billion in related healthcare costs.^2-4 As many as half of ADEs are considered preventable, yet they continue to pose a serious public health risk with significant financial consequences. As the need to prevent ADEs becomes more dire, there is increased interest in minimizing patient risks.

Healthcare providers often turn to laboratory testing to manage their patients’ medications safely and effectively. For example, a physician might order a test to monitor serum potassium levels for patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or a liver function test (LFT) for a patient on statins.

Pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing is one under-utilized clinical tool that can significantly decrease a patient’s risk of experiencing an ADE. PGx testing identifies genetic variations that affect the structure and function of biological proteins associated with a medication’s absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Changes in these proteins functions can affect whether specific drugs are safe and effective for an individual.

PGx testing allows healthcare providers to personalize drug therapy and predict if a medication will be safe, effective, and non-toxic for a patient. Patients with personalized drug therapy based on PGx testing had a 30% lower occurrence of ADEs⁵ and 6.3% fewer hospitalizations.⁶ Additionally, PGx testing reduced emergency department and outpatient visits by 11% and 32.5%, respectively.⁶

About Genemarkers

Genemarkers is a CAP-accredited, CLIA-Certified, genomics laboratory based in Kalamazoo that partners with health care providers and organizations to offer comprehensive, quality-driven pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing services. Genemarkers offers three multigene PGx panels and two single-gene tests that contain clinical guidance based on the highest level of evidence, as determined by the Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) and the FDA.

Learn more

References

Nebeker JR, Barach P, Samore MH. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2004; 140:795-801.
Preventable Adverse Drug Reactions: A Focus on Drug Interactions. www.fda.gov/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/DevelopmentResources/DrugInteractionsLabeling/ucm110632.htm
Interventions to Improve Adherence to Self-administered Medications for Chronic Diseases in the United States: A Systematic Review. Viswanathan M, PhD; Golin C, et al. Annals of Int Med. 4 December 2012
US Department of HHS, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Publication #01-0020; CDC Medication Safety Basics
Swen et al. Lancet. Vol 401. 2023
Brixner D, Biltaji E, Bress A, et al. The effect of pharmacogenetic profiling with a clinical decision support tool on healthcare resource utilization and estimated costs in the elderly exposed to polypharmacy. J Med Econ. 2016;19(3):213-228. doi:10.3111/13696998.2015.1110160.

Promote Medication Safety and Reduce the Risk of Adverse Drug Events with Pharmacogenomic (PGx) TestingChristina Potenza2023-08-04T20:20:07+00:00

Genemarkers Recognized as Top Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Service Provider

Genemarkers LLC is pleased to announce it has been recognized as one of the Top 10 Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Service Providers of 2023 by Pharma Tech Outlook.

Pharma Tech Outlook is a leading industry publication bringing together insight from senior leaders in Pharma and Life Sciences. Each year, Pharma Tech Outlook recognizes the top PGx service providers. Genemarkers is honored to accept this accolade.

As a pioneer in PGx testing, Genemarkers is a trusted partner for healthcare professionals and organizations interested in offering PGx testing services. PGx testing identifies genetic variations affecting the structure and function of biological proteins associated with a drug’s absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Changes in these proteins’ functions can affect whether specific drugs are safe and effective for an individual.

“Our goal is to improve a patient’s medication management through comprehensive, quality-driven genomics services,” says Dr. Anna Langerveld, founder and CEO of Genemarkers “Our approach has always been rooted in our company’s core values: quality, integrity, and compassion. We believe in PGx and believe if used properly, it can have a significant impact on the patients’ health and quality of life.”

Genemarkers Recognized as Top Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Service ProviderChristina Potenza2023-07-26T15:09:06+00:00

Mitigating Adverse Drug Events in Polypharmacy with PGx

What are ADEs and Polypharmacy?

An adverse drug event, or ADE, occurs when a person is harmed due to a prescription medication. This can include known medication side effects or medication errors. About half of ADEs are considered preventable, yet they continue to pose a significant public health risk with substantial financial consequences. Approximately 1.3 million emergency visits¹, 350,000 hospitalizations¹, and $3.5 billion in excess medical costs² occur annually in the United States from ADEs. The risk for ADEs increases with each medication a patient is taking, so patients taking multiple medications are at the highest risk for ADEs.

Polypharmacy occurs when a patient simultaneously takes multiple medications to treat one or more conditions. Nearly one third of adults in the United States take five or more medications³. Polypharmacy has become a significant concern in the healthcare industry, as it increases the risk for ADEs and medication failure. In extreme cases, polypharmacy can lead to death. As a result, strategies for decreasing polypharmacy and ADEs are a major focus of patients and healthcare professionals. This article will discuss how Pharmacogenomics (PGX) serves as a tool to help alleviate ADEs.

Who’s at risk?

Patients who are at the highest risk for polypharmacy include those with multiple health conditions, patients with more than one prescriber, and the elderly. In some cases, single conditions have guidelines which state that polypharmacy is a recommended treatment plan after monotherapy fails or underperforms. These conditions include hypertension, type II diabetes, and major depressive disorder. For these conditions, treatment guidelines instruct healthcare providers to add additional medications to a patient’s treatment plan when the first is inadequate. In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe additional medications to treat the side effects of another drug. For example, a provider may prescribe an anti-nausea medication for a patient who experiences nausea as a side effect of codeine.

PGx – A Tool to Reduce ADEs and Polypharmacy

Laboratory testing is one of the most frequently used clinical tools to help providers safely and effectively manage their patients’ medications. Research shows that optimal usage of laboratory tests can decrease a patient’s risk of experiencing an ADE⁴. For example, a physician might order a test to monitor serum potassium levels for patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or a liver function test (LFT) for a patient on statins.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing is one less frequently used clinical tool that can significantly decrease the risk of ADEs. PGx testing identifies variants in a patient’s DNA that affect how well that person responds to specific medications. PGx can help predict if a drug will be safe, effective, and non-toxic for a patient. The PGx test reduces the need for trial-and-error prescribing. Preemptive PGx testing is especially beneficial because it assists a prescriber in identifying a patient’s risk of experiencing an ADE before the medication is prescribed.

With PGx testing, a prescriber can make informed decisions that decrease the risk of polypharmacy. When a provider knows that a patient is more likely to have side effects from a medication, they can prescribe an alternative. Doing so eliminates the need for additional medications to treat the side effects of the first. A provider can also use PGx information to select a drug that is more likely to be effective for the patient. This reduces the risk of medication failure and makes it less likely that the provider will need to prescribe a second medication to treat the patient’s condition.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Adverse Drug Events in Adults. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/medicationsafety/adult_adversedrugevents.html. Accessed January 06, 2023.
Institute of Medicine. (2007). Committee on Identifying and Preventing Medication Errors. Retrieved from https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/11623/chapter/2#4. Accessed January 06, 2023.
Medication Errors and Adverse Drug Events. (2019). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved from https://psnet.ahrq.gov/primer/medication-errors-and-adverse-drug-events. Accessed January 06, 2023.
Jackevicius CA and Glassman P. (2014). Laboratory monitoring for pharmaceuticals: familiarity does not breed contempt. Journal of general internal medicine, 29(12), 1574-1576. doi.org/10.1007/s11606-014-3048-x

Mitigating Adverse Drug Events in Polypharmacy with PGxChristina Potenza2023-03-20T20:11:00+00:00

A Reproducible Method for Assessing the Effects of Blue Light Using in vitro Human Skin Tissues

Genemarkers LLC is pleased to announce the publication of the paper, Reproducible method for assessing the effects of blue light using in vitro human skin tissues, in the International Journal of Cosmetic Science.

High-intensity visible light (HEV), also known as blue light, accounts for approximately one-third of visible light. Electronic devices and artificial lighting are top emitters of blue light. Previous research has established that exposure to blue light for periods as short as 1 hour can have detrimental effects on the skin. Blue light exposure can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and necrosis. Although the damaging effects of blue light are well-established, the ability to study the impact of blue light on human skin has been limited by a lack of suitable in vitro testing methods. Genemarkers’ research bridges this gap.

Using a full-thickness, 3D, in vitro skin tissue model, Genemarkers used varying exposures of blue light to determine the biological effects on human skin. This work demonstrated that daily exposure to blue light produced dose-and-time-dependent changes in the genes associated with skin damage.

The study found that exposure to blue light increased the expression of genes that regulate inflammation and oxidative stress and decreased the expression of genes maintaining the skin barrier and tissue integrity. Exposure significantly increased biomarkers associated with aging and tissue damage. Treatment with ascorbic acid inhibited the effects of blue light, suggesting that topical antioxidants can protect the skin from the deleterious effects of blue light.

As a result of this work, Genemarkers has launched a new blue light testing service that includes a gene expression panel containing 52 genes specifically impacted by blue light; the genes regulate biological pathways such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and skin aging. This service enables Genemarkers’ clients to assess how their products protect against and repair damage caused by the skin’s exposure to blue light.

A Reproducible Method for Assessing the Effects of Blue Light Using in vitro Human Skin TissuesChristina Potenza2023-01-25T17:10:40+00:00

Introducing Genemarkers’ Updated Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Panels

Genemarkers has been providing high-quality clinical genetic testing since 2014. As a pioneer in the pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing industry, Genemarkers remains committed to creating tests that include drug-gene pairs with the highest levels of clinical validity and utility. We know healthcare providers count on us to supply reliable test data to guide their prescribing.

In response to recent changes in Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and other payer guidelines, and to meet the needs of our patients, we have updated our test panels. Genemarkers will be offering three multigene pharmacogenomic (PGx) panels and two single gene tests. Our updated test panels include drug-gene pairs for which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) have recognized as having scientific evidence to support clinical use. Our PGXMarkers Plus panel also includes drug-gene pairs for which recommendations are informative, meaning that implementation in a clinical setting is optional. The updated panels will be available in May of 2022.

PsychPainMarkers

The PsychPainMarkers Panel helps providers make prescribing decisions for many of the most frequently used psychotropic and pain medications. PsychPainMarkers tests for variants in 3 genes that are associated with the efficacy and toxicity of 49 medications. Some medications on the PsychPainMarkers Panel include Sertraline (Zoloft©), Fluoxetine (Prozac©), Escitalopram (Lexapro©), Ibuprofen (Motrin©, Advil©), Hydrocodone (Vicodin©), Tramadol (Ultram©), and more.

PGXMarkers

The PGXMarkers Panel tests 6 genes and gives providers insight into 89 different medications. Like PsychPainMarkers, all recommendations in this report only contain drug-gene pairs for which there is actionable clinical guidance as determined by the FDA and CPIC. The PGXMarkers panel covers medications used in cardiology, gastroenterology, neurology, psychiatry, and other areas of clinical practice. In addition to those in the PsychPainMarkers test, PGXMarkers includes additional medications such as Simvastatin (Zocor©), Ondansetron (Zofran©), and Darifenacin (Enablex©).

PGXMarkers Plus

The PGXMarkers Plus Panel is the most comprehensive of Genemarkers’ panels and includes information on 18 genes and 138 medications. The PGXMarkers Plus Panel contains drug-gene pairs for which there is both actionable and informative guidance. Some medications found exclusively on the PGXMarkers Plus Panel include Morphine (MS Contin©), Methadone (Dolophine©), Fentanyl (Actiq©), and Bupropion (Wellbutrin©, Zyban©, Aplenzin©, Contrave©), among others.

Single Gene Tests

In addition to the PGx panels described above, Genemarkers now offers two single gene tests: one that tests for genetic variants known to affect the efficacy and toxicity of Plavix© and one for genetic variants in methylfolate reductase (MTHFR), associated with Hyperhomocysteinemia.

Introducing Genemarkers’ Updated Pharmacogenomic (PGx) PanelsChristina Potenza2022-08-04T14:45:16+00:00